This review explores the literature on emissions from the entire Australian agricultural sector, and thus includes emissions not typically included in assessments of agricultural emissions such as electricity, petrol, and the manufacture of goods used on farm (e.g. fertiliser). Incorporating these emissions is required when determining if farms are carbon neutral. Additionally, including these emissions allows mitigation options to be investigated where agriculture and energy overlap, primarily the use of renewables on-farm, the production and use of bioenergy and other options that are more commercially viable for farmers. Calculations included are from other work or based on the literature available through mid-2019.